Tuesday, October 25, 2005

Which PCR?

If I am right, when we want to isolate microbials, we normally have to streak mixed (and unknown) cultures on appropriate agar plates and pick single colonies, followed by streaking the single colonies on other agar plates/slants/broths and incubate them (and check if they are exactly pure cultures). However, as we've discussed with Ray and Peter before, I'll have to identify Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli and C. fetus from unknown Campylobacter spp. sent from MedLabs by means of PCR. Actually, there have been several variations of PCR tests for Campylobacter identification, such as multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP. Here comes a problem - which of them should I use? mPCR can amplify several different DNA targets at once without seperating into tubes, and thus save lots of time and tubes if there're more than one candidate gene target. However it's not perfect. One of its downsides is the possibility of "primer dimer". To eliminate it, some preventions such as "hot start" should be taken. In order to preceed "hot start PCR", normally "AmpliTaq Gold" would be used rather than other normal Taq. AmpliTaq Gold itself is good but is also extremely expensive, which would be a big problem. Besides, I have a bad memory with it during my Master course before (nothing to do with its quality though). On the other hand, PCR-RFLP requires restriction enzyme, which is quite prone under unsuitable preserving condition. Although it can be completed with normal Taq and only one (or two) restriction enzyme and identify different species (as long as their restriction maps have been recognized), the unstable enzyme itself is quite problematic. According to Ray, he'd use multiplex PCR. Hmm...so, then, I'll have to search suitable primers for each of the species and optimal PCR condition. By the way, when it comes to disposing EtBr, some people say "just soak in bleach then throw away" yet I've also heard others said "that would inversely make it more carcinogenic". I used to place the used agarose gels under sunlight (as EtBr is light-sensitive), but I never quite sure what the proper treatment is. And I'm quite surprised when Ray told me that they normally DISPOSE OF EtBr DOWN THE SINK!!

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